Understanding Autism Regression: Signs, Causes, and Support

What Is Autism Regression?

Regression means losing skills. The Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders says about 25-30% of autistic children experience this.

This is scary for parents. A child might stop talking or making eye contact. Knowing the signs helps you act fast.

Types of Autism Onset

The CDC and autism researchers recognize different patterns of autism emergence:

Some children show a mixed pattern—subtle early signs followed by more obvious regression. Both patterns can result in varying levels of autism, and both benefit from early intervention.

Signs of Autism Regression

Regression typically occurs between 15-24 months of age, though it can happen earlier or later. Signs to watch for include:

Language Regression

• Loss of words previously used meaningfully
• Stopping use of phrases or sentences
• Reduced babbling or vocalization
• No longer responding to name
• Loss of understanding simple commands

Social Regression

• Decreased eye contact
• Loss of social smiling
• Reduced interest in family members
• Stopping pointing or gesturing
• No longer waving bye-bye
• Loss of joint attention (sharing focus with others)

Play and Behavioral Changes

• Loss of pretend play
• Stopping previously enjoyed activities
• Increased repetitive behaviors
• New sensory sensitivities
• Increased difficulty with transitions
• Sleep or eating changes

What Causes Autism Regression?

Regression is complex. The NIMH says we don't fully know the cause yet. Research points to a few factors:

Neurological Factors

Research suggests that regression may involve changes in brain connectivity or neural pruning during critical developmental periods. Some studies have found differences in brain structure and function that may relate to regressive patterns.

Genetic Factors

Autism has a strong genetic component, and regression may be influenced by specific genetic variations. Research on genes affecting synaptic function and brain development continues to provide insights.

What Does NOT Cause Regression

Regression Triggers in Older Children

While classic regression occurs in toddlerhood, autistic children and adults can experience skill regression at other times due to:

• Burnout: Chronic stress from masking or overwhelming demands
• Major life changes: Moving, school transitions, family changes
• Illness: Physical illness can temporarily affect skills
• Puberty: Hormonal changes can impact behavior and regulation
• Mental health: Depression, anxiety, or trauma
• Sensory overload: Prolonged exposure to overwhelming environments

Understanding triggers helps families provide appropriate support. See our guides on autism and anxiety and managing meltdowns for related strategies.

What to Do If You Notice Regression

1. Document what you're seeing: Keep notes on specific skills lost, when you noticed changes, and any potential triggers or circumstances.
2. Contact your pediatrician: Rule out medical causes like hearing loss, seizures, or illness. Request a developmental evaluation referral.
3. Seek evaluation: A comprehensive autism evaluation can provide diagnosis and recommendations.
4. Access early intervention: Don't wait for diagnosis to access services. Many children can receive early intervention based on developmental concerns.
5. Explore ABA therapy: Evidence shows that intensive ABA therapy can help children regain skills.

Can Skills Be Regained?

Yes—many children regain skills. Early help is key. The American Psychological Association supports this:

• Early intervention leads to better outcomes
• Intensive ABA therapy (25-40 hours/week) can significantly improve skills
• Speech therapy helps rebuild communication
• Many children make substantial progress over time
• Outcomes vary based on individual factors

The key is starting intervention as early as possible. Even if your child has experienced significant regression, meaningful progress is possible.

Evidence-Based Interventions for Regression

ABA Therapy

Applied Behavior Analysis is the most researched intervention for autism and can be particularly effective for children who have experienced regression. Our behavioral support and communication development programs help rebuild skills systematically.

Speech-Language Therapy

For children who have lost language, speech therapy is essential. This can include traditional speech therapy, AAC (augmentative and alternative communication), and targeting functional communication.

Occupational Therapy

OT addresses sensory processing, motor skills, and daily living skills that may have been affected by regression.

Family Training

Parent involvement is crucial. Our family-oriented therapy approach ensures parents learn strategies to support skill development throughout daily life.

Supporting Your Child Emotionally

Regression is hard for the whole family. Ways to support your child include:

• Maintaining patience and unconditional love
• Following their lead rather than forcing skills
• Reducing pressure and demands during difficult periods
• Creating predictable, safe environments
• Celebrating small steps forward
• Addressing sensory and communication needs

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Resources