Autism Regression: Signs & What To Do

What Is Autism Regression?

Autism regression refers to the loss of developmental skills that a child previously demonstrated. According to research published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, approximately 25-30% of children later diagnosed with autism experience some form of regression.

This can be one of the most distressing experiences for parents—watching their child lose words, stop making eye contact, or withdraw from social interaction after seemingly typical early development. Understanding regression helps parents recognize it early and access appropriate support.

Clinical Perspective: Hope Through Early Intervention

"In my 20+ years of experience, I've worked with many children who experienced regression, and I've seen remarkable recoveries when families access intensive early intervention quickly. The key is recognizing the signs early and not waiting to see if skills return on their own. Children who experience regression can absolutely rebuild and develop new skills – but early, intensive intervention makes a significant difference in outcomes."

– Jennifer Harbour, M.S., BCBA, Clinical Director at Buzz ABA
Specializing in early intervention and skill restoration

Types of Autism Onset

The CDC and autism researchers recognize different patterns of autism emergence:

Early-Onset Autism

Signs are present from early infancy. Parents may notice differences in eye contact, social responsiveness, or communication from the first year of life. Development may be delayed from the start.

Regressive Autism

Development appears typical for the first 12-24 months, followed by loss of acquired skills. Children may lose words, social engagement, and play skills, sometimes dramatically.

Some children show a mixed pattern—subtle early signs followed by more obvious regression. Both patterns can result in varying levels of autism, and both benefit from early intervention.

Signs of Autism Regression

Regression typically occurs between 15-24 months of age, though it can happen earlier or later. Signs to watch for include:

Language Regression

Loss of words previously used meaningfully
Stopping use of phrases or sentences
Reduced babbling or vocalization
No longer responding to name
Loss of understanding simple commands

Social Regression

Decreased eye contact
Loss of social smiling
Reduced interest in family members
Stopping pointing or gesturing
No longer waving bye-bye
Loss of joint attention (sharing focus with others)

Play and Behavioral Changes

Loss of pretend play
Stopping previously enjoyed activities
Increased repetitive behaviors
New sensory sensitivities
Increased difficulty with transitions
Sleep or eating changes

What Causes Autism Regression?

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the exact causes of regression are not fully understood. Current research points to several factors:

Neurological Factors

Research suggests that regression may involve changes in brain connectivity or neural pruning during critical developmental periods. Some studies have found differences in brain structure and function that may relate to regressive patterns.

Genetic Factors

Autism has a strong genetic component, and regression may be influenced by specific genetic variations. Research on genes affecting synaptic function and brain development continues to provide insights.

What Does NOT Cause Regression

Important: Extensive research has conclusively shown that vaccines do NOT cause autism or autism regression. The CDC, WHO, and numerous large-scale studies have found no link between vaccines and autism. The timing of regression often coincides with the vaccine schedule simply because both occur in toddlerhood—not because one causes the other.

Regression Triggers in Older Children

While classic regression occurs in toddlerhood, autistic children and adults can experience skill regression at other times due to:

Burnout: Chronic stress from masking or overwhelming demands
Major life changes: Moving, school transitions, family changes
Illness: Physical illness can temporarily affect skills
Puberty: Hormonal changes can impact behavior and regulation
Mental health: Depression, anxiety, or trauma
Sensory overload: Prolonged exposure to overwhelming environments

Understanding triggers helps families provide appropriate support. See our guides on autism and anxiety and managing meltdowns for related strategies.

What to Do If You Notice Regression

Document what you're seeing: Keep notes on specific skills lost, when you noticed changes, and any potential triggers or circumstances.
Contact your pediatrician: Rule out medical causes like hearing loss, seizures, or illness. Request a developmental evaluation referral.
Seek evaluation: A comprehensive autism evaluation can provide diagnosis and recommendations.
Access early intervention: Don't wait for diagnosis to access services. Many children can receive early intervention based on developmental concerns.
Explore ABA therapy: Evidence shows that intensive ABA therapy can help children regain skills.

Can Skills Be Regained?

Yes—many children regain skills lost during regression, especially with early, intensive intervention. Research published by the American Psychological Association supports that:

Early intervention leads to better outcomes
Intensive ABA therapy (25-40 hours/week) can significantly improve skills
Speech therapy helps rebuild communication
Many children make substantial progress over time
Outcomes vary based on individual factors

The key is starting intervention as early as possible. Even if your child has experienced significant regression, meaningful progress is possible.

Evidence-Based Interventions for Regression

ABA Therapy

Applied Behavior Analysis is the most researched intervention for autism and can be particularly effective for children who have experienced regression. Our behavioral support and communication development programs help rebuild skills systematically.

Speech-Language Therapy

For children who have lost language, speech therapy is essential. This can include traditional speech therapy, AAC (augmentative and alternative communication), and targeting functional communication.

Occupational Therapy

OT addresses sensory processing, motor skills, and daily living skills that may have been affected by regression.

Family Training

Parent involvement is crucial. Our family-oriented therapy approach ensures parents learn strategies to support skill development throughout daily life.

Supporting Your Child Emotionally

Regression is hard for the whole family. Ways to support your child include:

Maintaining patience and unconditional love
Following their lead rather than forcing skills
Reducing pressure and demands during difficult periods
Creating predictable, safe environments
Celebrating small steps forward
Addressing sensory and communication needs

Frequently Asked Questions

What is autism regression?

Autism regression refers to the loss of previously acquired skills in children with autism. This can include loss of language, social skills, play skills, or self-care abilities. Regression occurs in approximately 25-30% of children with autism, typically between 15-24 months of age.

What causes regression in autism?

The exact cause is not fully understood. Research suggests it may involve neurological changes during critical developmental periods, genetic factors, or other biological processes. It is NOT caused by vaccines—extensive research has disproven this myth.

Can skills lost during regression be regained?

Yes, many children can regain skills with appropriate early intervention. ABA therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy have shown effectiveness. The earlier intervention begins, the better the outcomes tend to be.

What are the signs of autism regression?

Signs include: loss of words or phrases, decreased eye contact, reduced response to name, loss of social interest, stopping previously enjoyed activities, loss of gestures like pointing or waving, increased repetitive behaviors, and withdrawal from family.

Is regression the same as autism?

Regression is not the same as autism—it's one pattern of how autism can emerge. Some children show early signs from infancy, while others develop typically before experiencing regression. Both patterns result in autism diagnosis, but the trajectory differs.

Start Your Child's Journey Today

Buzz ABA provides comprehensive, evidence-based ABA therapy in Concord, Manchester, Nashua, and surrounding NH communities. Our neurodiversity-affirming approach helps children thrive.

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Understanding Autism Regression: Signs, Causes, and Support